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The reactions of nucleon and polarized deuteron scattered off a heavy targetat large impact parameter with intermediate energies have been investigated byusing the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. It is found that, due tothe difference effect of isovector potential on proton and neutron, there is asignificant difference between the angle distribution of elastic scatteringprotons and neutrons. To overcome the lack of monochromatic neutron beam, thereaction of polarized deuteron peripherally scattered off the heavy target isused to replace the reaction of individual proton and neutron scattered offheavy target to study the isospin effect. It is found that the distributions ofelastic scattering angle of proton and neutron originating from the breakup ofdeuteron are very similar to the results of the individual proton- andneutron-induced reaction. A new probe more effective and more clean, namely thedifference between elastic scattering angle of proton and neutron originatingfrom the breakup of polarized deuteron, is promoted to constrain the symmetryenergy at subsaturation density.

A new probe to study symmetry energy at low density by deuteron breakup reaction