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Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have attracted considerable interestin sensing of weak magnetic fields, such as those created by biologicalsystems. Detecting such feeble signals requires near-surface NV centers, toreduce the distance between NVs and sources. Moreover, dense ensembles of NVsare highly desirable to reduce measurement time. However, robust charge stateswitching is often observed in these systems, resulting in a complex interplaybetween charge and spin dynamics that can reduce the attainable level of spinpolarization, and consequently, sensitivity. Understanding the mechanismsbehind charge state switching is, therefore, crucial to developing NV basedsensors. Here, we demonstrate a novel method to selectively measure chargedynamics in an ensemble of NVs by quenching the spin polarization using anoff-axis magnetic field. Utilizing this technique, we show that, innanodiamonds, charge state instability increases with increasing NV density. Inthe case of bulk single crystal diamond, we show that NV centers located nearthe surface are more stable in the neutral (NV$^{0}$) charge state, while thenegatively charged (NV$^{-}$) form is more stable in bulk.

Selective measurement of charge dynamics in an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers in nano- and bulk diamonds