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We report the observation of counterflowing edge current in InAs quantumwells which leads to the breakdown of quantum Hall (QH) effects at highmagnetic fields. Counterflowing edge channels arise from the Fermi-levelpinning of InAs and the resultant sharp edge potential with downward bending.By measuring the counterflow conductance for varying edge lengths, we determinethe effective number $\langle N_\text{C} \rangle$ of counterflowing modes andtheir equilibration length $\lambda_\text{eq}$ at bulk integer filling factor$\nu = 1$--$4$. $\lambda_\text{eq}$ increased exponentially with magnetic field$B$, reaching $200~\mu$m for $\nu = 4$ at $B \geq 7.6$~T. Our data revealimportant roles of the innermost incompressible strip with even filling indetermining $\langle N_\text{C} \rangle$ and $\lambda_\text{eq}$ and the impactof the contact configuration on the QH effect breakdown. Our results show thatcounterflowing edge channels manifest as transport anomalies only at highfields and in short edges. This in turn suggests that, even in the integer QHregime, the actual microscopic structure of edge states can differ from thatanticipated from macroscopic transport measurements, which is relevant tovarious systems including atomic-layer materials.

physical review. b./physical review. b

Counterflowing edge current and its equilibration in quantum Hall  devices with sharp edge potential: Roles of incompressible strips and contact  configuration