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Leaky-mode photonic lattices exhibit intricate resonance effects originatingin quasi-guided lateral Bloch modes. Key spectral properties are associatedwith phase-matched modes at the second (leaky) stop band. One band edge modesuffers radiation loss generating leaky-mode resonance whereas the other bandedge mode becomes a bound state in the continuum (BIC). Here, we presentanalytical and numerical results on the formation and properties of the leakystop band. We show that the frequency of the leaky-mode resonance band edge,and correspondingly the BIC edge, is determined by superposition of Braggprocesses chiefly generated by the first two Fourier harmonics of the spatialmodulation. We derive conditions for the band closure and band flip wherein theleaky edge and the bound-state edge transit across the band gap. Our workelucidates fundamental aspects of periodic photonic films and has highrelevance to the burgeoning field of metamaterials.

Band flips and bound-state transitions in leaky-mode photonic lattices