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The lower-symmetry trilayer AAB-stacked graphene exhibits rich electronicproperties and thus diverse Coulomb excitations. Three pairs of unusual valenceand conduction bands create nine available interband excitations for theundoped case, in which the imaginary (real) part of the polarizability shows 1Dsquare root asymmetric peaks and 2D shoulder structures (pairs of antisymmetricpeaks and logarithm type symmetric peaks). Moreover, the low frequency acousticplasmon, being revealed as a prominent peak in the energy loss spectrum, cansurvive in a narrow gap system with the large-density-of-states from thevalence band. This type of plasmon mode is similar to that in a narrow gapcarbon nanotube. However, the decisive mechanism governing this plasmon is theintraband conduction state excitations. Its frequency, intensity and criticalmomentum exhibit a non-monotonic dependence on the Fermi energy. Thewell-defined electron-hole excitation boundaries and the higher frequencyoptical plasmons are transformed by varying the Fermi energy. There remainsubstantial differences between the electronic properties of trilayer AAB, ABC,AAA and ABA graphene stackings.

Geometry-diversified Coulomb excitations in trilayer AAB stacking graphene