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The high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides emerges when carriersare doped into the parent Mott insulator. This well-established fact has,however, eluded a microscopic explanation. Here we show that the missing linkis the self-energy pole in the energy-momentum space. Its continuous evolutionwith doping directly connects the Mott insulator and high-temperaturesuperconductivity. We show this by numerically studying the extremely smalldoping region close to the Mott insulating phase in a standard model forcuprates, the two-dimensional Hubbard model. We first identify two relevantself-energy structures in the Mott insulator; the pole generating the Mott gapand a relatively broad peak generating the so-called waterfall structure, whichis another consequence of strong correlations present in the Mott insulator. Wenext reveal that either the Mott-gap pole or the waterfall structure (thefeature at the energy closer to the Fermi level) directly transforms itselfinto another self-energy pole at the same energy and momentum when the systemis doped with carriers. The anomalous self-energy yielding thesuperconductivity is simultaneously born exactly at this energy-momentum point.Thus created self-energy pole, interpreted as arising from a hidden fermionicexcitation, continuously evolves upon further doping and considerably enhancesthe superconductivity. Above the critical temperature, the same self-energypole generates a pseudogap in the normal state. We thus elucidate a unifiedMott-physics mechanism, where the self-energy structure inherent to the Mottinsulator directly gives birth to both the high-temperature superconductivityand pseudogap.

Direct Connection between Mott Insulator and d-Wave High-Temperature Superconductor Revealed by Continuous Evolution of Self-Energy Poles