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Liquid atomic metallic hydrogen is the simplest, lightest, and most abundantof all liquid metals. The role of nucleon motions or ion dynamics has beensomewhat ignored in relation to the dissociative insulator-metal transition.Almost all previous experimental high-pressure studies have treated the fluidisotopes, hydrogen and deuterium, with no distinction. Studying both hydrogenand deuterium at the same density, most crucially at the phase transition line,can experimentally reveal the importance of ion dynamics. We use staticcompression to study the optical properties of dense deuterium in the pressureregion of 1.2-1.7 Mbar and measured temperatures up to ~3000 K. We observe anabrupt increase in reflectance, consistent with dissociation-inducedmetallization, at the transition. Here we show that at the same pressure(density) for the two isotopes, the phase line of this transition reveals aprominent isotopic shift, ~700 K. This shift is lower than the isotopicdifference in the free-molecule dissociation energies, but it is still largeconsidering the high density of the liquid and the complex many-body effects.Our work reveals the importance of quantum nuclear effects in describing themetallization transition and conduction properties in dense hydrogen systems atconditions of giant planetary interiors, and provides an invaluable benchmarkfor ab-initio calculations.

Striking Isotope Effect on the Metallization Phase Lines of Liquid Hydrogen and Deuterium