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In the framework of the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) approach we studiedfinite size effects of the phase diagram and domain structure evolution inspherical nanoparticles of uniaxial ferroelectric. The particle surface iscovered by a layer of screening charge characterized by finite screeninglength. The phase diagram, calculated in coordinates "particle radius vs.screening length" has a wide region of versatile poly-domain structuresseparating single-domain ferroelectric and nonpolar paraelectric phases.Unexpectedly, we revealed a region of stable irregular labyrinthine domains inthe nanoparticles of uniaxial ferroelectric CuInP2S6 with the first orderparaelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. We established that the origin oflabyrinthine domains is the mutual balance of LGD, polarization gradient andelectrostatic energies. The branching of the domain walls appears and increasesrapidly when the polarization gradient energy decreases below the criticalvalue. Allowing for the generality of LGD approach, we expect that thegradient-induced morphological transition can be the source of labyrinthinedomains appearance in many spatially-confined ferroics with long-range orderparameter, including relaxors, ferromagnetics, antiferrodistortive materialsand materials with incommensurate ferroic phases.

Labyrinthine domains in ferroelectric nanoparticles: a manifestation of gradient-driven morphological transition