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Rare-earth ions in crystals are a proven solid-state platform for quantumtechnologies in the ensemble regime and attractive for new opportunities at thesingle ion level. Among the trivalent rare earths, ${}^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{3+}$is unique in that it possesses a single 4f excited-state manifold and is theonly paramagnetic isotope with a nuclear spin of 1/2. In this work, we presentmeasurements of the optical and spin properties of $^{171}$Yb$^{3+}$:YVO$_4$ toassess whether this distinct energy level structure can be harnessed forquantum interfaces. The material was found to possess large optical absorptioncompared to other rare-earth-doped crystals owing to the combination of narrowinhomogeneous broadening and a large transition oscillator strength. Inmoderate magnetic fields, we measure optical linewidths less than 3 kHz andnuclear spin linewidths less than 50 Hz. We characterize the excited-statehyperfine and Zeeman interactions in this system, which enables the engineeringof a $\Lambda$-system and demonstration of all-optical coherent control overthe nuclear spin ensemble. Given these properties, $^{171}$Yb$^{3+}$:YVO$_4$has significant potential for building quantum interfaces such asensemble-based memories, microwave-to-optical transducers, and opticallyaddressable single rare-earth-ion spin qubits.

Characterization of ${}^{171}Yb^{3+}\!:\! YVO_4$ for photonic quantum technologies