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One of the best known causes of dissipation in ac driven quantum systemsstems from photon absorption. Dissipation can also be caused by the retardedresponse to the time-dependent excitation, and in general gives insight intothe system's relaxation times and mechanisms. We address the dissipation in amesoscopic normal wire with superconducting contacts, that sustains asupercurrent at zero frequency and that may be expected to remaindissipationless at frequency lower than the superconducting gap. We probe thehigh frequency linear response of a Normal/Superconductor ring to atime-dependent flux by coupling it to a highly sensitive multimode microwaveresonator. Far from being the simple derivative of the current-phase relation,the ring's ac susceptibility also displays a dissipative component whose phasedependence is a signature of the dynamical processes occurring within theAndreev spectrum. We show how dissipation is driven by the competition betweenthe two aforementioned mechanisms. Depending on the relative strength of thosecontributions, dissipation can be maximal at $\pi$, when the minigap closes, orcan be maximal near $ \pi/2$, when the dc supercurrent is maximal. We also findthat the dissipative response increases at low temperature and can even exceedthe normal state conductance. The results are confronted with predictions ofthe Kubo linear response and time-dependent Usadel equations. This experimentshows the power of the ac susceptibility measurement of individual hybridmesoscopic systems in probing in a controlled way the quantum dynamics of ABS.By spanning different physical regimes, our experiments provide a unique accessto inelastic scattering and spectroscopy of an isolated quantum coherentsystem. This technique should be a tool of choice to investigate topologicalsuperconductivity and detect the topological protection of edge states.

Coherence-enhanced, phase-dependent dissipation in long SNS Josephson junctions: revealing Andreev Bound States dynamics