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The insulating magnetic material Fe3PO4O3 features a non-centrosymmetriclattice composed of Fe^{3+} triangular units. Frustration, due to competingnear neighbor ($J_1$) and next nearest neighbor ($J_2$) antiferromagneticinteractions, was recently suggested to be the origin of an antiferromagnetichelical ground state with unusual needle-like nanoscale magnetic domains inFe3PO4O3. Magnetic dilution is shown here to tune the ratio of these magneticinteractions, thus providing deeper insight into this unconventionalantiferromagnet. Dilution of the Fe^{3+} lattice in Fe3PO4O3 was accomplishedby substituting non-magnetic Ga^{3+} to form the solid solution seriesFe_{3-x}Ga_xPO4O3 with $x = 0.012, 0.06, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5$. Magneticsusceptibility and neutron powder diffraction data from this series arepresented. A continuous decrease of the both the helical pitch length and thedomain size is observed with increasing dilution up to at least $x = 0.25$,while for $x \ge 0.5$, the compounds lack long range magnetic order entirely.The decrease in the helical pitch length with increasing $x$ can bequalitatively understood by reduction of the ratio of $J_2/J_1$ in theHeisenberg model, consistent with mean field considerations. Intriguingly, themagnetic correlation length in the $ab$ plane remains nearly equal to the pitchlength for each value of $x \le 0.25$, showing that the two quantities areintrinsically connected in this unusual antiferromagnet.

Tuning the antiferromagnetic helical pitch length and nanoscale domain size in Fe$_3$PO$_4$O$_3$ by magnetic dilution