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The sensitivity of superconducting qubits allows for spectroscopy andcoherence measurements on individual two-level systems present in thedisordered tunnel barrier of an $\mathrm{Al/AlO_x/Al}$ Josephson junction. Wereport experimental evidence for the decoherence of two-level systems byBogoliubov quasiparticles leaking into the insulating $\mathrm{AlO_x}$ barrier.We control the density of quasiparticles in the junction electrodes either bythe sample temperature or by injecting them using an on-chip dc-SQUID driven toits resistive state. The decoherence rates were measured by observing thetwo-level system's quantum state evolving under application of resonantmicrowave pulses and were found to increase linearly with quasiparticledensity, in agreement with theory. This interaction with electronic statesprovides a noise and decoherence mechanism that is relevant for variousmicrofabricated devices such as qubits, single-electron transistors, andfield-effect transistors. The presented experiments also offer a possibility todetermine the location of the probed two-level systems across the tunnelbarrier, providing clues about the fabrication step in which they emerge.

Electronic Decoherence of Two-Level Systems in a Josephson Junction