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Despite the crucial role of interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy inCo(Fe)/MgO based magnetic tunnel junction, the underlying mechanism is stillbeing debated. Here, we report an anatomical study of oxygen and Mg effect onPt/Co bilayers through repeated in-situ anomalous Hall effect measurements,controlled oxygen exposure and Mg deposition in an ultrahigh vacuum system. Wefound that chemisorbed oxygen not only quenches the effective magnetic momentof the Co surface layer, but also softens its magnetic anisotropy. However, asubsequent Mg dusting on the oxygen pre-exposed Pt/Co surface can recover themagnetic anisotropy. The ab initio calculations on the exchange splitting andorbital hybridization near the Fermi level give a clear physical explanation ofthe experimental observations. Our results suggest that Co(Fe)-O-M bond plays amore important role than the widely perceived Co(Fe)-O bond does in realizinginterfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Co(Fe)/MgO heterostructures.

Unveiling the role of Co-O-Mg bond in magnetic anisotropy of Pt/Co/MgO using atomically controlled deposition and in-situ electrical measurement