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We study the effect of oxygen vacancies on the electronic structure of themodel strongly correlated metal SrVO$_3$. By means of angle-resolvedphotoemission (ARPES) synchrotron experiments, we investigate the systematiceffect of the UV dose on the measured spectra. We observe the onset of aspurious dose-dependent prominent peak at an energy range were the lowerHubbard band has been previously reported in this compound, raising questionson its previous interpretation. By a careful analysis of the dose dependenteffects we succeed in disentangling the contributions coming from the oxygenvacancy states and from the lower Hubbard band. We obtain the intrinsic ARPESspectrum for the zero-vacancy limit, where a clear signal of a lower Hubbardband remains. We support our study by means of state-of-the-art ab initiocalculations that include correlation effects and the presence of oxygenvacancies. Our results underscore the relevance of potential spurious statesaffecting ARPES experiments in correlated metals, which are associated to theubiquitous oxygen vacancies as extensively reported in the context of atwo-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the surface of insulating $d^0$transition metal oxides.

Hubbard band or oxygen vacancy states in the correlated electron metal SrVO$_3$?