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Coupling at the interface of core/shell magnetic nanoparticles is known to beresponsible for the exchange bias (EB) and the relative sizes of core and shellcomponents are supposed to influence the associated phenomenology. In thiswork, we have prepared core/shell structured nanoparticles with the totalaveraged diameter around $\sim$ 27 nm and a wide range of shell thicknessesthrough the controlled oxidation of Co nanoparticles well dispersed in anamorphous silica host. Structural characterizations give compelling evidence ofthe formation of Co$_3$O$_4$ crystallite phase at the shells surrounding the Cocore. Field cooled hysteresis loops display nonmonotonous dependence of theexchange bias $H_E$ and coercive $H_C$ fields, that become maximum for a samplewith an intermediate shell thickness, at which lattice strain is also maximumfor both the phases. Results of our atomistic Monte Carlo simulations of theparticles with the same size and compositions as in experiments are inagreement with the experimental observations and have allowed us to identify achange in the contribution of the interfacial surface spins to themagnetization reversal giving rise to the maximum in $H_E$ and $H_C$.

Probing the core and shell contributions to exchange bias in Co/Co$_3$O$_4$ nanoparticles of controlled size