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Ferromagnets are believed to exhibit strongly anisotropic spin relaxation,with relaxation lengths for spin longitudinal to magnetization significantlylonger than those for spin transverse to magnetization. Here we characterizethe anisotropy of spin relaxation in Co using the spin pumping contribution toGilbert damping in noncollinearly magnetized Py$_{1-x}$Cu$_{x}$/Cu/Co trilayerstructures. The static magnetization angle between Py$_{1-x}$Cu$_{x}$ and Co,adjusted under field bias perpendicular to film planes, controls theprojections of longitudinal and transverse spin current pumped fromPy$_{1-x}$Cu$_{x}$ into Co. We find nearly isotropic absorption of pure spincurrent in Co using this technique; fits to a diffusive transport model yieldthe longitudinal spin relaxation length $< 2$ nm in Co. The longitudinal spinrelaxation lengths found are an order of magnitude smaller than thosedetermined by current-perpendicular-to-planes giant magnetoresistancemeasurements, but comparable with transverse spin relaxation lengths in Codetermined by spin pumping.

Characterization of spin relaxation anisotropy in Co using spin pumping