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Using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with selectivenear- and mid-infrared photon excitations, we investigate the femtoseconddynamics of the charge density wave (CDW) phase in 1$T$-TiSe$_2$, as well asthe dynamics of CDW fluctuations at 240 K. In the CDW phase, we observe thecoherent oscillation of the CDW amplitude mode. At 240 K, we single out anultrafast component in the recovery of the CDW correlations, which we explainas the manifestation of electron-hole correlations. Our momentum-resolved studyof femtosecond electron dynamics supports a mechanism for the CDW phaseresulting from the cooperation between the interband Coulomb interaction, themechanism of excitonic insulator phase formation, and electron-phonon coupling.

Revealing the role of electrons and phonons in the ultrafast recovery of charge density wave correlations in 1$T$-TiSe$_2$