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Cuprate materials, like those hosting high temperature superconductivity,represent a famous class of materials where the correlations between thestrongly entangled charges and spins produce complex phase diagrams. Severalyears ago the Zhang-Rice singlet was proposed as a natural quasiparticle inhole-doped cuprates. The occurance and binding energy of this quasiparticle,consisting of a pair of bound holes with antiparallel spins on the same CuO$_4$plaquette, depends on the local electronic interactions, which are fundamentalquantities for understanding the physics of the cuprates. Here, we employstate-of-the-art Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) to probe thecorrelated physics of the CuO$_4$ plaquettes in the quasi-one dimensional chaincuprate Li$_2$CuO$_2$. By tuning the incoming photon energy to the O $K$-edge,we populate bound states related to the Zhang-Rice quasiparticles in the RIXSprocess. Both intra- and interchain Zhang-Rice singlets are observed and theiroccurrence is shown to depend on the nearest-neighbor spin-spin correlations,which are readily probed in this experiment. We also extract the binding energyof the Zhang-Rice singlet and identify the Zhang-Rice triplet excitation in theRIXS spectra.

Probing inter- and intrachain Zhang-Rice excitons in Li$_2$CuO$_2$ and determining their binding energy