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We investigate the structural modulations induced by optical excitation of apolar phonon mode in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$, using first-principles calculationsbased on density functional theory. We focus on the intense-excitation regimein which we expect that fourth-order phonon-phonon coupling terms dominate, andmodel the structural modulations induced by pulses of such intensity. Ourcalculations of the phonon-phonon anharmonicities confirm that the cubiccoupling between modes, shown in earlier work to cause a quasi-static change inthe apical O - Cu distance and a buckling of the CuO$_2$ planes, is the leadingcontribution at moderate pump strengths. At higher pump strengths ($\sim$10MV/cm) the previously neglected quartic couplings become relevant and producean additional shearing of the CuO$_2$ planes. Finally, we analyze the changesin the electronic and magnetic properties associated with the inducedstructural changes.

Effects of intense optical phonon pumping on the structure and electronic properties of yttrium barium copper oxide