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Topological insulators are attracting considerable interest due to theirpotential for technological applications and as platforms for exploringwide-ranging fundamental science questions. In order to exploit, fine-tune,control and manipulate the topological surface states, spectroscopic toolswhich can effectively probe their properties are of key importance. Here, wedemonstrate that positrons provide a sensitive probe for topological states,and that the associated annihilation spectrum provides a new technique forcharacterizing these states. Firm experimental evidence for the existence of apositron surface state near Bi$_2$Te$_2$Se with a binding energy of $E_b = 2.7\pm 0.2 \, \text{eV}$ is presented, and is confirmed by first-principlescalculations. Additionally, the simulations predict a significant signaloriginating from annihilation with the topological surface states and shows thefeasibility to detect their spin-texture through the use of spin-polarizedpositron beams.

Positron surface state as a spectroscopic probe for characterizing surfaces of topological insulator materials