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The study of electron transport and scattering processes limiting electronmobility in high-quality semiconductor structures is central to solid-stateelectronics. Here, we uncover an unavoidable source of electron scatteringwhich is caused by fluctuations of nuclear spins. We calculate the momentumrelaxation time of electrons in quantum wells governed by the hyperfineinteraction between electrons and nuclei and show that this time drasticallydepends on the spatial correlation of nuclear spins. Moreover, the scatteringprocesses accompanied by a spin flip are a source of the backscattering ofDirac fermions at conducting surfaces of topological insulators.

Limitation of electron mobility from hyperfine interaction in ultra-clean quantum wells and topological insulators