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Thermoelectric materials utilize the Seebeck effect to convert heat to electrical energy. The Seebeck coefficient (thermopower), $S$, depends on the free (mobile) carrier concentration, $n$, and effective mass, ${m}^{*}$, as $S\ensuremath{\sim}{m}^{*}/{n}^{2/3}$. The carrier concentration in tellurides can be derived from $^{125}\mathrm{Te}$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-lattice relaxation measurements. The NMR spin-lattice relaxation rate, $1/{T}_{1}$, depends on both $n$ and ${m}^{*}$ as $1/{T}_{1}\ensuremath{\sim}{({m}^{*})}^{3/2}n$ (within classical Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics) or as $1/{T}_{1}\ensuremath{\sim}{({m}^{*})}^{2}{n}^{2/3}$ (within quantum Fermi-Dirac statistics), which challenges the correct determination of the carrier concentration in some materials by NMR. Here it is shown that the combination of the Seebeck coefficient and $^{125}\mathrm{Te}$ NMR spin-lattice relaxation measurements in complex tellurides provides a unique opportunity to derive the carrier effective mass and then to calculate the carrier concentration. This approach was used to study $\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{g}}_{x}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{b}}_{x}\mathrm{G}{{\mathrm{e}}_{50\text{\ensuremath{-}}2}}_{x}\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{e}}_{50}$, well-known GeTe-based high-efficiency tellurium-antimony-germanium-silver thermoelectric materials, where the replacement of Ge by [Ag+Sb] results in significant enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient. Values of both ${m}^{*}$ and $n$ derived using this combination show that the enhancement of thermopower can be attributed primarily to an increase of the carrier effective mass and partially to a decrease of the carrier concentration when the [Ag+Sb] content increases.

physical review. b./physical review. b

Charge carrier effective mass and concentration derived from combination of Seebeck coefficient and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Te</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>125</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>NMR measurements in complex tellurides

Charge carrier effective mass and concentration derived from combination of Seebeck coefficient andTe125NMR measurements in complex tellurides