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Titanium dioxide (TiO$_2$) has rich physical properties with potentialimplications in both fundamental physics and new applications. Up-to-date, themain focus of applied research is to tune its optical properties, which isusually done via doping and/or nano-engineering. However, understanding therole of $d$-electrons in materials and possible functionalization of$d$-electron properties are still major challenges. Herewith, within acombination of an innovative experimental technique, high energy opticalconductivity, and of the state-of-the-art {\it ab initio} electronic structurecalculations, we report an emerging, novel resonant exciton in the deepultraviolet region of the optical response. The resonant exciton evolves uponlow concentration Ta-substitution in anatase TiO$_{2}$ films. It issurprisingly robust and related to strong electron-electron and electron-holeinteractions. The $d$- and $f$- orbitals localization, due to Ta-substitution,plays an unexpected role, activating strong electronic correlations anddominating the optical response under photoexcitation. Our results shed lighton a new optical phenomenon in anatase TiO$_{2}$ films and on the possibilityof tuning electronic properties by Ta substitution.

Emerging giant resonant exciton induced by Ta-substitution in anatase TiO$_{2}$: a tunable correlation effect