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The uniform electron gas (UEG) at finite temperature is of key relevance formany applications in the warm dense matter regime, e.g. dense plasmas and laserexcited solids. Also, the quality of density functional theory calculationscrucially relies on the availability of accurate data for theexchange-correlation energy. Recently, new benchmark results for the N = 33spin-polarized electrons at high density, r_s = r/a_B <= 4 and low temperature,have been obtained with the configuration path integral Monte Carlo (CPIMC)method [T. Schoof et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 130402 (2015)]. To achievethese results, the original CPIMC algorithm [T. Schoof et al., Contrib. PlasmaPhys. 51, 687 (2011)] had to be further optimized to cope with the fermion signproblem (FSP). It is the purpose of this paper to give detailed information onthe manifestation of the FSP in CPIMC simulations of the UEG and to demonstratehow it can be turned into a controllable convergence problem. In addition, wepresent new thermodynamic results for higher temperatures. Finally, to overcomethe limitations of CPIMC towards strong coupling, we invoke an independentmethod|the recently developed permutation blocking path integral Monte Carloapproach [T. Dornheim et al., accepted for publication in J. Chem Phys.,arXiv:1508.03221]. The combination of both approaches is able to yield abinitio data for the UEG over the entire density range, above a temperature ofabout one half of the Fermi temperature. Comparison with restricted pathintegral Monte Carlo data [E. W. Brown et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 146405(2013)] allows us to quantify the systematic error arising from the freeparticle nodes.

Ab Initio Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of the Uniform Electron Gas without Fixed Nodes