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Phase diagrams and hysteresis loops were obtained by Monte Carlo simulationsand a mean-field method for a simplified model of a spin-crossover materialwith a two-step transition between the high-spin and low-spin states. Thismodel is a mapping onto a square-lattice $S=1/2$ Ising model withantiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and ferromagnetic Husimi-Temperley(equivalent-neighbor) long-range interactions. Phase diagrams obtained by thetwo methods for weak and strong long-range interactions are found to besimilar. However, for intermediate-strength long-range interactions, the MonteCarlo simulations show that tricritical points decompose into pairs of criticalendpoints and mean-field critical points surrounded by horn-shaped regions ofmetastability. Hysteresis loops along paths traversing the horn regions arestrongly reminiscent of thermal two-step transition loops with hysteresis,recently observed experimentally in several spin-crossover materials. Webelieve analogous phenomena should be observable in experiments and simulationsfor many systems that exhibit competition between local antiferromagnetic-likeinteractions and long-range ferromagnetic-like interactions caused by elasticdistortions.

physical review. b./physical review. b

Equilibrium, Metastability, and Hysteresis in a Model Spin-crossover  Material with Nearest-neighbor Antiferromagnetic-like and Long-range  Ferromagnetic-like Interactions