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In copper-oxide and iron-based high temperature (high-$T_{\rm c}$)superconductors, many physical properties exhibit in-plane anisotropy, which isbelieved to be caused by a rotational symmetry-breaking nematic order, whoseorigin and its relationship to superconductivity remain elusive. In manyiron-pnictides, a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition temperature$T_{\rm s}$ coincides with the magnetic transition temperature $T_{\rm N}$,making the orbital and spin degrees of freedom highly entangled. NaFeAs is asystem where $T_{\rm s}$ = 54 K is well separated from $T_{\rm N}$ = 42 K,which helps simplify the experimental situation. Here we report nuclearmagnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on NaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$As (0 $\leq x \leq$0.042) that revealed orbital and spin nematicity occurring at a temperature$T^{\rm *}$ far above $T_{\rm s}$ in the tetragonal phase. We show that the NMRspectra splitting and its evolution can be explained by an incommensurateorbital order that sets in below $T^{\rm *}$ and becomes commensurate below$T_{\rm s}$, which brings about the observed spin nematicity.

Orbital Order and Spin Nematicity in the Tetragonal Phase of Electron-doped Iron-Pnictides NaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$As