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Understanding the underlying mechanism and phenomenology of colossalmagnetoresistance in manganites has largely focused on atomic and nanoscalephysics such as double exchange, phase separation, and charge order. Here weconsider a more macroscopic view of manganite materials physics, reporting onthe ferromagnetic domain behavior in a bilayer manganite sample with a nominalcomposition of La$_{2-2x}$Sr$_{1+2x}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ with $x=0.38$, studied usingin-situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. The role ofmagnetocrystalline anisotropy on the structure of domain walls was elucidated.On cooling, magnetic domain contrast was seen to appear first at the Curietemperature within the $a-b$ plane. With further reduction in temperature, thechange in area fraction of magnetic domains was used to estimate the criticalexponent describing the ferromagntic phase transition. The ferromagnetic phasetransition was accompanied by a distinctive nanoscale granular contrast closeto the Curie temperature, which we infer to be related to the presence offerromagnetic nanoclusters in a paramagnetic matrix, which has not yet beenreported in bilayer manganites.

Investigation of ferromagnetic domain behavior and phase transition at nanoscale in bilayer manganites