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The magnetic-field-induced 90-degree flop of ferroelectric polarization P ina spin-spiral multiferroic material TbMnO3 is theoretically studied based on amicroscopic spin model. We find that the direction of the P-flop or the choiceof +Pa or -Pa after the flop is governed by magnetic torques produced by theapplied magnetic field H acting on the Mn spins and thus is selected in adeterministic way, in contradistinction to the naively anticipatedprobabilistic flop. This mechanism resolves a puzzle of the previously reportedmemory effect in the P direction depending on the history of the magnetic-fieldsweep, and enables controlled switching of multiferroic domains by externallyapplied magnetic fields. Our Monte-Carlo analysis also uncovers that themagnetic structure in the P||a phase under H||b is not a so-far anticipatedsimple ab-plane spin cycloid but a conical spin structure.

Theory of Magnetic-Field-Induced Polarization Flop in Spin-Spiral Multiferroics