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We investigate the scattering of a wave packet describing low-energyelectrons in graphene by a time-dependent finite step potential barrier. Ourresults demonstrate that, after Klein tunneling through the barrier, theelectron acquires an extra energy which depends on the rate of change thebarrier height in time. If such a rate is negative, the electron loses energyand ends up as a valence band state after leaving the barrier, whicheffectively behaves as a positively charged quasi-particle

Energy shift and conduction-to-valence band transition mediated by a time dependent potential barrier in graphene