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Clean two-dimensional electron systems in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructuresexhibit anisotropic collective phases, the quantum Hall nematics, at highLandau level occupancy and low temperatures. An as yet unknown nativesymmetry-breaking potential consistently orients these phases relative to thecrystalline axes of the host material. Here we report an extensive set ofmeasurements examining the role of the structural symmetries of theheterostructure in determining the orientation of the nematics. In singlequantum well samples we find that neither the local symmetry of the confinementpotential nor the distance between the electron system and the sample surfacedictates the orientation of the nematic. In remarkable contrast, fortwo-dimensional electrons confined at a single heterointerface between GaAs andAlGaAs, the nematic orientation depends on the depth of the two-dimensionalelectron system beneath the sample surface.

Heterostructure Symmetry and the Orientation of the Quantum Hall Nematic Phases