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Electrons in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess spin and orbital degrees offreedom. The latter is inherited from the bipartite graphene lattice with twoinequivalent Dirac points. The electronic spectra obtained in several transportexperiments on CNT quantum dots in parallel magnetic field often show ananticrossing of spectral lines assigned to the opposite Dirac valleys. So farthis valley mixing has been attributed to the disorder, with impurity inducedscattering. We show that this effect can arise also in ultraclean CNTs of thearmchair class and it can be caused solely by the presence of the boundaries.In contrast, in CNTs of the zigzag class it does not occur. These twofundamentally different classes of spectra arise because of differentsymmetries of the low energy eigenstates of the two types of CNTs. Themagnitude of the level splitting depends in a nonmonotonous way on the distanceof the involved energy levels from the charge neutrality point.

The two classes of low energy spectra in finite carbon nanotubes