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We have investigated optical orientation in the vicinity of the direct gap ofbulk germanium. The electron spin polarization is studied viapolarization-resolved photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy unfolding theinterplay between doping and ultrafast electron transfer from the center of theBrillouin zone towards its edge. As a result, the direct-gap photoluminescencecircular polarisation can vary from 30% to -60% when the excitation laserenergy increases. This study provides also simultaneous access to the resonantelectronic Raman scattering due to inter-valence band excitations ofspin-polarized holes, yielding a fast and versatile spectroscopic approach forthe determination of the energy spectrum of holes in semiconducting materials.

Optical orientation of electron spins and valence band spectroscopy in germanium