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We report on the spin densities in CeRuSn determined at elevated and at lowtemperatures using polarized neutron diffraction. At 285 K, where the CeRuSncrystal structure, commensurate with the CeCoAl type, contains two differentcrystallographic Ce sites, we observe that one Ce site is clearly moresusceptible to the applied magnetic field whereas the other is hardlypolarizable. This finding clearly documents that distnictly different localenvironment of the two Ce sites causes the Ce ions to split into magnetic Ce3+and non-magnetic Ce(4-delta)+ valence states. With lowering the temperature,the crystal structure transforms to a structure incommensurately modulatedalong the c axis. This leads to new inequivalent crystallographic Ce sitesresulting in a re-distribution of spin densities. Our analysis using thesimplest structural approximant shows that in this metallic system Ce ionsco-exist in different valence states. Localized 4f states that fulfill thethird Hund's rule are found to be close to the ideal Ce3+ state (at sites withthe largest Ce-Ru interatomic distances) whereas Ce(4-delta)+ valence statesare found to be itinerant and situated at Ce sites with much shorter Ce-Rudistances. The similarity to the famous alpha-gamma transition in elementalcerium is discussed.

Coexistence of different magnetic moments in CeRuSn probed by polarized neutrons