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Novel phases of two dimensional electron systems resulting from new surfaceor interface modified electronic structures have generated significant interestin material science. We utilize photoemission spectroscopy to show that thenear-surface electronic structure of a bulk insulating iridateSr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$ lying near metal-Mott insulator transition exhibit weakmetallicity signified by finite electronic spectral weight at the Fermi level.The surface electrons exhibit a unique spin structure resulting from aninterplay of spin-orbit, Coulomb interaction and surface quantum magnetism,distinct from a topological insulator state. Our results suggest theexperimental realization of a novel quasi two dimensional interacting electronsurface ground state, opening the door for exotic quantum entanglement andtransport phenomena in iridate-based oxide devices.

Spin correlated electronic state on the surface of a spin-orbit Mott system (Layered Iridates)