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Exciton-polaritons can be created in semiconductor microcavities. Thesequasiparticles act as weakly interacting bosons with very light mass, of theorder of $10^{-4}$ times the vacuum electron mass. Many experiments have showneffects which can be viewed as due to a Bose-Einstein condensate, orquasicondensate, of these particles. The lifetime of the particles in most ofthose experiments has been of the order of a few picoseconds, leading tosignificant nonequilibrium effects. By increasing the cavity quality, we havemade new samples with longer polariton lifetimes. With a photon lifetime on theorder of 100-200 ps, polaritons in these new structures can not only comecloser to reaching true thermal equilibrium, a desired feature for manyresearchers working in this field, but they can also travel much longerdistances. We observe the polaritons to ballistically travel on the order ofone millimeter, and at higher densities we see transport of a coherentcondensate, or quasicondensate, over comparable distances. In this paper wereport a quantitative analysis of the flow of the polaritons both in alow-density, classical regime, and in the coherent regime at higher density.Our analysis gives us a measure of the intrinsic lifetime for photon decay fromthe microcavity and a measure of the strength of interactions of thepolaritons.

Long Range Ballistic Motion and Coherent Flow of Long Lifetime Polaritons