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We report on the observation of orbital excitations in YVO3 by means ofresonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at energies across the vanadium L3and oxygen K absorption edges. Due to the excellent experimental resolution weare able to resolve the intra-t2g excitations at 0.1-0.2 eV, 1.07 eV, and 1.28eV, the lowest excitations from the t2g into the eg levels at 1.86 eV, andfurther excitations above 2.2 eV. For the intra-t2g excitations at 0.1-0.2 eV,the RIXS peaks show small shifts of the order of 10-40 meV as a function oftemperature and of about 13-20 meV as a function of the transferred momentumq||a. We argue that the latter reflects a finite dispersion of the orbitalexcitations. For incident energies tuned to the oxygen K edge, RIXS is moresensitive to intersite excitations. We observe excitations across theMott-Hubbard gap and find an additional feature at 0.4 eV which we attribute totwo-orbiton scattering, i.e., an exchange of orbitals between adjacent sites.Altogether, these results indicate that both superexchange interactions and thecoupling to the lattice are important for a quantitative understanding of theorbital excitations in YVO3.

Orbital superexchange and crystal field simultaneously at play in YVO3: resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the V L edge and the O K edge