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We demonstrate that the volume of the Fermi surface, measured very preciselyusing de Haas-van Alphen oscillations, can be used to probe changes in thenature and occupancy of localized electronic states. In systems withunconventional ordered states, this allows an underlying electronic orderparameter to be followed to very low temperatures. We describe this effect inthe field-induced antiferroquadrupolar (AFQ) ordered phase of PrOs4Sb12, aheavy fermion intermetallic compound. We find that the phase of de Haas-vanAlphen oscillations is sensitively coupled, through the Fermi volume, to theconfiguration of the Pr f-electron states that are responsible for AFQ order.In particular, the \beta-sheet of the Fermi surface expands or shrinks as theoccupancy of two competing localized Pr crystal field states changes. Ourresults are in good agreement with previous measurements, above 300 mK, of theAFQ order parameter by other methods. In addition, the low temperaturesensitivity of our measurement technique reveals a strong and previouslyunrecognized influence of hyperfine coupling on the order parameter below 300mK within the AFQ phase. Such hyperfine couplings could provide insight intothe nature of hidden order states in other systems.

The Fermi volume as a probe of hidden order