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The role of nuclear spin fluctuations in the dynamic polarization of nuclearspins by electrons is investigated in (In,Ga)As quantum dots. Thephotoluminescence polarization under circularly polarized optical pumping intransverse magnetic fields (Hanle effect) is studied. A weak additionalmagnetic field parallel to the optical axis is used to control the efficiencyof nuclear spin cooling and the sign of nuclear spin temperature. The shape ofthe Hanle curve is drastically modified with changing this control field, asobserved earlier in bulk semiconductors and quantum wells. However, thestandard nuclear spin cooling theory, operating with the mean nuclear magneticfield (Overhauser field), fails to describe the experimental Hanle curves in acertain range of control fields. This controversy is resolved by taking intoaccount the nuclear spin fluctuations owed to the finite number of nuclei inthe quantum dot. We propose a model describing cooling of the nuclear spinsystem by electron spins experiencing fast vector precession in the randomOverhauser fields of nuclear spin fluctuations. The model allows us toaccurately describe the measured Hanle curves and to determine the parametersof the electron-nuclear spin system of the studied quantum dots.

Hanle effect in (In,Ga)As quantum dots: Role of nuclear spin fluctuations