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The electronic structure of the kagome staircase compounds, Ni3V2O8 andCo3V2O8, has been investigated using soft x-ray absorption, soft x-rayemission, and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). Comparison betweenthe two compounds, and with first principles band structure calculations andcrystal-field multiplet models, provide unique insight into the electronicstructure of the two materials. Whereas the location of the narrow (Ni,Co) dbands is predicted to be close to EF, we experimentally find they lie deeper inthe occupied O 2p and unoccupied V 3d manifolds, and determine their energy viameasured charge-transfer excitations. Additionally, we find evidence for a ddexcitation at 1.5 eV in Ni3V2O8, suggesting the V d states may be weaklyoccupied in this compound, contrary to Co3V2O8. Good agreement is found betweenthe crystal-field dd excitations observed in the experiment and predicted byatomic multiplet theory.

Electronic structure of the kagome staircase compounds Ni3V2O8 and Co3V2O8