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The development of a new era of quantum devices requires an understanding ofhow paramagnetic dopants or impurity spins behave in crystal hosts. Here, wedescribe a new spectroscopic technique which uses traditional Electron SpinResonance (ESR) combined with the measurement of a large population ofelectromagnetic Whispering Gallery (WG) modes. This allows the characterizationof the physical parameters of paramagnetic impurity ions in the crystal at lowtemperatures. We present measurements of two ultra-high purity sapphires cooledto 20 mK in temperature, and determine the concentration of Fe3+ ions and theirfrequency sensitivity to a DC magnetic field. Our method is different to ESR inthat it is possible to track the resonant frequency of the ion from zeroapplied magnetic field to any arbitrary value, allowing excellent measurementprecision. This high precision reveals anisotropic behaviour of the Zeemansplitting, which has not been previously reported. In both crystals, eachZeeman component demonstrates a different g-factor.

Hybrid Electron Spin Resonance and Whispering Gallery Mode Resonance Spectroscopy of Fe3+ in Sapphire