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Very recently a new family of layered materials, containing BiS2 planes wasdiscovered to be superconducting at temperatures up to Tc=10 K, raisingquestions about the mechanism of superconductivity in these systems. Here, wepresent state-of-the-art first principles calculations that directly addressthis question and reveal several surprising findings. The parent compoundLaOBiS2 possesses anharmonic ferroelectric soft phonons at the zone center witha rather large polarization of $\approx 10 \mu C/cm^2$, which is comparable tothe well-known ferroelectric BiFeO3. Upon electron doping, new unstable phononbranches appear along the entire line Q=(q,q,0), causing Bi/S atoms to order ina one-dimensional charge density wave (CDW). We find that BiS2 is a strongelectron-phonon coupled superconductor in the vicinity of competingferroelectric and CDW phases. Our results suggest new directions to tune thebalance between these phases and increase Tc in this new class of materials.

Ferroelectric Soft Phonons, Charge Density Wave Instability and Strong Electron-Phonon Coupling in BiS2-Layered Superconductors