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Oxygen chain fragments are known to appear at the insulator to superconductortransition (SIT) in YBa2Cu3O6+y. However the self organization and the sizedistribution of oxygen chain fragments is not known. Here we contribute to fillthis gap, using scanning micro X ray diffraction which is a novel imagingmethod based on advances in focusing synchrotron radiation beam. This novelapproach allows us to probe both real-space and k-space of a high-qualityYBa2Cu3O6.33 single crystals with Tc=7K. We report compelling evidence fornanoscale striped puddles, with Ortho-II structure, made of chain fragments inthe basal Cu(1) plane with local oxygen concentration 0.5. The size of theOrtho-II puddles spans a range between 2 and 9 nanometers. The real spaceimaging of Ortho-II puddles granular network shows that superconductivity, atlow hole-doping regime, occurs in a network of nanoscale oxygen orderedpatches, interspersed with oxygen depleted regions. The manipulation by thermaltreatments of the striped Ortho II puddles has been investigated focusing onthe spontaneous symmetry breaking near the order to disorder phase transitionat 350 K.

Scanning micro X-ray diffraction unveils the distribution of oxygen chains nano-puddles in YBa2Cu3O6.33