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The conductance profiles of magnetic transition metal atoms, such as Fe, Coand Mn, deposited on surfaces and probed by a scanning tunneling microscope(STM), provide detailed information on the magnetic excitations of suchnano-magnets. In general the profiles are symmetric with respect to the appliedbias. However a set of recent experiments has shown evidence for inherentasymmetries when either a normal or a spin-polarized STM tip is used. In orderto explain such asymmetries here we expand our previously developedperturbative approach to electron-spin scattering to the spin- polarized caseand to the inclusion of out of equilibrium spin populations. In the case of amagnetic STM tip we demonstrate that the asymmetries are driven by thenon-equilibrium occupation of the various atomic spin-levels, an effect thatreminds closely that electron spin-transfer. In contrast when the tip is notspin-polarized such non-equilibrium population cannot be build up. In thiscircumstance we propose that the asymmetry simply originates from thetransition metal ion density of state, which is included here as anon-vanishing real component to the spin-scattering self-energy.

Bias asymmetry in the conductance profile of magnetic ions on surfaces probed by scanning tunneling microscopy