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We investigate the influence of the electron-phonon interaction on the decaydynamics of a quantum dot coupled to an optical microcavity. We show that theelectron-phonon interaction has important consequences on the dynamics,especially when the quantum dot and cavity are tuned out of resonance, in whichcase the phonons may add or remove energy leading to an effective non-resonantcoupling between quantum dot and cavity. The system is investigated using twodifferent theoretical approaches: (i) a second-order expansion in the barephonon coupling constant, and (ii) an expansion in a polaron-photon couplingconstant, arising from the polaron transformation which allows an accuratedescription at high temperatures. In the low temperature regime we findexcellent agreement between the two approaches. An extensive study of thequantum dot decay dynamics is performed, where important parameter dependenciesare covered. We find that in general the electron-phonon interaction gives riseto a greatly increased bandwidth of the coupling between quantum dot andcavity. At low temperature an asymmetry in the quantum dot decay rate isobserved, leading to a faster decay when the quantum dot has a larger energythan to the cavity. We explain this as due to the absence of phonon absorptionprocesses. Furthermore, we derive approximate analytical expressions for thequantum dot decay rate, applicable when the cavity can be adiabaticallyeliminated. The expressions lead to a clear interpretation of the physics andemphasizes the important role played by the effective phonon density,describing the availability of phonons for scattering, in quantum dot decaydynamics. Based on the analytical expressions we present the parameter regimeswhere phonon effects are expected to be important. Also, we include alltechnical developments in appendices.

Microscopic theory of phonon-induced effects on semiconductor quantum dot decay dynamics in cavity QED