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In a magnetic field bilayer graphene supports an octet of zero-energy Landaulevels with an extra twofold degeneracy in Landau orbitals n=0 and n=1. It isshown that this orbital degeneracy is lifted due to Coulombic quantumfluctuations of the valence band (the Dirac sea); this is a quantum effectanalogous to the Lamb shift in the hydrogen atom. A detailed study is made ofhow these zero-energy levels evolve, with filling, into a variety ofpseudo-zero-mode Landau levels in the presence of possible spin and valleybreaking and Coulomb interactions, and a comparison is made with experimentalresults.

Structure and the Lamb-shift-like quantum splitting of the pseudo-zero-mode Landau levels in bilayer graphene