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Enthalpy and entropy are thermodynamic quantities critical to determining how and at what temperature a phase transition occurs. At a phase transition, the enthalpy and temperature-weighted entropy differences between two phases are equal ({Delta}H=T{Delta}S), but there are materials where this balance has not been experimentally or theoretically realized, leading to the idea of hidden order and disorder. In a Pu-1.9 at. % Ga alloy, the {delta} phase is retained as a metastable state at room temperature, but at low temperatures, the {delta} phase yields to a mixed-phase microstructure of {delta}- and {alpha}{prime}-Pu. The previously measured sources of entropy associated with the {alpha}{prime} {yields} {delta} transformation fail to sum to the entropy predicted theoretically. We report an experimental measurement of the entropy of the {alpha}{prime} {yields} {delta} transformation that corroborates the theoretical prediction, and implies that only about 65% of the entropy stabilizing the {delta} phase is accounted for, leaving a missing entropy of about 0.5 k{sub B}/atom. Some previously proposed mechanisms for generating entropy are discussed, but none seem capable of providing the necessary disorder to stabilize the {delta} phase. This hidden disorder represents multiple accessible states per atom within the {delta} phase of Pu that may not be includedmore » in our current understanding of the properties and phase stability of {delta}-Pu.« less

physical review. b, condensed matter and materials physics

Hidden disorder in the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>transformation of Pu-1.9 at.<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mspace width="0.28em" /></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>%</mml:mo></mml:math>Ga

Hidden disorder in theα′→δtransformation of Pu-1.9 at.%Ga