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We propose a new mechanism for the paramagnetic metal-insulator transition inthe layered perovskite Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$RuO$_{4}$ (0<x<0.2). The LDA+Uapproach including spin-orbit coupling is used to calculate the electronicstructures. In Ca$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$, we show that the spin-orbit effect isstrongly enhanced by the Coulomb repulsion, which leads to an insulating phase.When Ca is substituted by Sr, the effective spin-orbit splitting is reduced dueto the increasing bandwidth of the degenerate $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals.For x=0.2, the compound is found to be metallic. We show that these results arein good agreement with the experimental phase diagram.

Spin-orbit coupling induced Mott transition in Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$RuO$_{4}$ (0