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Na5Cu3O6, a new member of one dimensional charge ordered chain cuprates, wassynthesized via the azide/nitrate route by reacting NaN3, NaNO3 and CuO.According to single crystal X-ray analysis, one dimensional CuO2 chains builtup from planar, edge-sharing CuO4 squares are a dominant feature of the crystalstructure. From the analysis of the Cu-O bond lengths we find that the systemforms a Wigner lattice. The commensurate charge order allows to explicitlyassign the valence states of either +2 or +3 to each copper atom resulting in arepetition according to Cu(2+)-Cu(3+)-Cu(2+)-Cu(2+)-Cu(3+)-Cu(2+). Followingthe theoretical analysis of the previously synthesized compounds Na3Cu2O4 andNa8Cu5O10, the magnetic susceptibility was expected to show a large dimer gap.Surprisingly, this is not the case. To resolve this puzzle, we show that themagnetic couplings in this compound are strongly affected by excitations acrossthe Wigner charge gap. By including these contributions, which are distinctfrom conventional superexchange in Mott-insulators, we obtain a quantitativesatisfying theoretical description of the magnetic susceptibility data.

Spin exchange dominated by charge fluctuations of the Wigner lattice in the newly synthesized chain cuprate Na5Cu3O6