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Spatially resolved relaxation of non-equilibrium quasiparticles in asuperconductor at ultra-low temperatures was experimentally studied. It wasfound that the quasiparticle injection through a tunnel junction results inmodification of the shape of I-V characteristic of a remote `detector'junction. The effect depends on temperature, injection current and proximity tothe injector. The phenomena can be understood in terms of creation ofquasiparticle charge and energy disequilibrium characterized by two differentlength scales $\Lambda_{Q^{\ast}}$ $\sim5$ $\mu$m and $\Lambda_{T^{\ast}}\sim$$40$ $\mu$m. The findings are in good agreement with existing phenomenologicalmodels, while more elaborated microscopic theory is mandatory for detailedquantitative comparison with experiment. The results are of fundamentalimportance for understanding electron transport phenomena in variousnanoelectronic circuits.

Spatially-resolved probing of a non-equilibrium superconductor