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We report measurements of the magnetic excitation spectrum of the layeredantiferromagnet La2CoO4 by time-of-flight neutron inelastic scattering. In theenergy range probed in our experiments (0-250 meV) the magnetic spectrumconsists of spin-wave modes with strong in-plane dispersion extending up to 60meV, and a nearly dispersionless peak at 190 meV. The spin-wave modes exhibit asmall (~1 meV) dispersion along the magnetic zone boundary. We show that themagnetic spectrum can be described very well by a model of a Heisenbergantiferromagnet that includes the full spin and orbital degrees of freedom ofCo2+ in an axially-distorted crystal field. The collective magnetic dynamicsare found to be controlled by dominant nearest-neighbour exchange interactions,strong XY-like single-ion anisotropy and a substantial unquenched orbitalangular momentum.

Magnetic spectrum of the two-dimensional antiferromagnet La2CoO4 studied by inelastic neutron scattering